In graph theory, a tree is a connected, acyclic graph. It consists of nodes (vertices) connected by edges, with no cycles present. A tree with
n nodes always has n−1 edges. Each tree can have a root node, and all other nodes are connected to it in a parent-child relationship. Nodes with no children are called leaf nodes. Trees are commonly used to represent hierarchical structures, like organizational charts or file systems, and are essential in algorithms like binary search. Their key feature is that they ensure connectivity without any loops or cycles.
