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      Phrasal Verbs

      What are Phrasal Verbs?

      A phrasal verb is a verb like pick up, turn on or get on with. These verbs consists of a basic verb + another word or words. The two or three words that make up a phrasal verb form a short "phrase" - which is why we call them "phrasal verbs". But a phrasal verb is still a verb. Look is a verb. Look up is also a verb - a different verb. They do not have the same meaning, and they behave differently grammatically. You should treat each phrasal verb as a separate verb, and learn it like any other verb. Look at these examples. You can see that there are three types of phrasal verb formed from a single-word verb:

       verbdefinitionexample
      single-word verblookdirect your eyes in a certain directionYou must look before you leap.
      phrasal verbverb + adverblook upsearch for and find information in a reference bookYou can look up the word in a dictionary.
      verb + prepositionlook aftertake care ofWho is looking after the baby?
      verb + adverb + prepositionlook forward toanticipate with pleasureI look forward to meeting you.

      Phrasal Verb: VERB + ADVERB

      The structure of this type of phrasal verb is:

      verb+adverb

      These phrasal verbs can be:

      • transitive (direct object)
      • intransitive (no direct object)

      Look at these examples of transitive and intransitive::

        meaningexample sentence
       direct object
      transitiveput offpostponeWe will have to put offthe meeting.
      turn downrefuseThey turned downmy offer.
      intransitiveget uprise from bedI don't like to get up. 
      break downstop workingHe was late because his car broke down. 

      Separable

      When this type of phrasal verb has a direct object, we can usually separate the two parts. For example, "turn down" is separable. We can say: "turn down my offer" or "turn my offer down". Look at these example sentences:

      tickThey turned down my offer.
      tickThey turned my offer down.

      However, if the direct object is a pronoun, we have no choice. We must separate the two parts of the verb and insert the pronoun. Look at these examples with the verb "switch on". Note that the last one is impossible:

      tickJohn switched on the radio.
      tickJohn switched the radio on.
      tickJohn switched it on.
      crossJohn switched on it.
      Separable or inseparable?
      Many dictionaries tell you when a phrasal verb is separable. If a dictionary writes "look (something) up", you know that the phrasal verb "look up" is separable, and you can say "look something up" and "look up something". It's a good idea to write "sthg/sby" as appropriate in your vocabulary book when you learn a new phrasal verb, like this:
      • get up
      • break down
      • break sthg off
      • turn sthg/sby down

      This tells you if the verb needs a direct object (and where to place it).

      Phrasal Verbs reference: hundreds of phrasal verbs with definitions, example sentences, quizzes and answers

      Phrasal Verb: VERB + PREPOSITION

      This type of phrasal verb is also called a "prepositional verb". The structure of a prepositional verb is:

      verb+preposition

      Because a preposition always has an object, all prepositional verbs have direct objects (ie they are transitive).

      Look at these examples of prepositional verbs:

      prepositional verbmeaningexample sentence
       direct object
      believe inhave faith in the existence ofI believe inGod.
      look aftertake care ofHe is looking afterthe dog.
      talk aboutdiscussDid you talk aboutme?
      wait forawaitJohn is waiting forMary.

      Prepositional verbs cannot be separated. That means that we cannot put the direct object between the two parts. For example, we must say "look after the baby". We cannot say "look the baby after":

      tickWho is looking after the baby?
      crossWho is looking the baby after?
      It is a good idea to write "something/somebody" in your vocabulary book when you learn a new prepositional verb, like this:
      • believe in something/somebody
      • look after sthg/sby
      This reminds you that the verb needs a direct object (and where to place it).

      Phrasal Verb: VERB + ADVERB + PREPOSITION

      This type of phrasal verb is also called a "phrasal-prepositional verb". The structure of a phrasal-prepositional verb is:

      verb+adverb+preposition

      Look at these examples of phrasal-prepositional verbs:

      phrasal-prepositional verbmeaningexample sentence
       direct object
      get on withhave a friendly relationship withHe doesn't get on withhis wife.
      put up withtolerateI won't put up withyour attitude.
      look forward toanticipate with pleasureI look forward toseeing you.
      run out ofuse up, exhaustWe have run out ofeggs.

      Because phrasal-prepositional verbs end with a preposition, there is always a direct object. And, like prepositional verbs, phrasal-prepositional verbs cannot be separated. Look at these examples:

      tickWe ran out of gas.
      tickWe ran out of it.
      crossWe ran gas out of.
      crossWe ran out gas of.
      It is a good idea to write "something/somebody" in your vocabulary book when you learn a new phrasal-prepositional verb, like this:
      • get on with somebody
      • put up with sthg/sby
      • run out of something
      This reminds you that the verb needs a direct object (and where to place it).


    • TASK OF PHRASAL VERB Penugasan
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      Instruction  : 

      1. Open your English module of Lesson 3, page 22 and 23. 

      2. Answer the questions in part A. You must write the correct choice. There are 10 questions.

      3. Answer the question in part B,  by filling the black. There are 10 questions.

      4. You may open the dictionary to help you in answering the questions

      5. Submit your answer into the assignment of LMS. Darmajaya until 17.00 o'clock today.