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  • Reading Text  : Procedural Text

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      Procedure Text: Definition, Generic Structures, Steps/Method, Purpose, Characteristics of Procedure Text, and Examples


         A.    Definition
         1 .      Text that explain how something works or how to use instruction/operation manuals e.g. how to use the video, the computer, the tape recorder, the photocopier, the fax.
         2 .      Text that instruct how to do a particular activity e.g. recipes, rules for games, science experiments, road safety rules.
         3 .      Text that deal with human behavior, e.g. how to live happily, how to succeed.
         B.     Generic Structure
         1.      Goal/Aim
      This text contains about purpose of making or operating of something.
         2.      Materials/Equipment
      Materials consist of ingredients that are used in making something. But not all parts of procedure text includes materials, sometimes a procedure text does not have materials section.
         3.      Steps/Methods
      Contains the steps or sequences that must be done so that the objectives outlined in the aim/goal to be achieved. Steps or sequences must be a sequence from the first to the last.
         C.    Purpose
      The purpose of procedure text is to tell the reader how to do or make something. The information is presented in a logical sequence of events which is broken up into small sequenced steps. These texts are usually written in the present tense. The most common example of a procedural text is a recipe.  
          D.    Characteristics Procedure Text
      ├╝  Using imperative sentence patters (Command), for example, Cut, Do not mix, and so on.
      ├╝  Using active verbs, such as turn, put, do, mix, etc.
      ├╝  Using connectives (Conjunction) to sort of activities, such as then, while, etc.
      ├╝  Using adverbials (Adverbs) to express detail the time, place, manner accurate, for example, for five minutes, 2 hours, etc.
      ├╝  Using the simple present tense. 

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